About this Flash Card Set
14 Cards
by olivia_bennett
How cells capture and release energy: photosynthesis, cellular respiration, ATP, and the reactants and products of each. Clear intro-biology definitions.
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Photosynthesis
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The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy, water, and CO₂ into glucose and oxygen.
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Photosynthesis equation
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6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light → C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose) + 6O₂.
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Chlorophyll
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The green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
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Cellular respiration
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The process that breaks down glucose with oxygen to release energy (ATP), producing CO₂ and water.
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Respiration equation
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C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP (energy).
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ATP
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Adenosine triphosphate — the cell's main energy currency. Energy is released when it loses a phosphate to become ADP.
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Reactants of photosynthesis
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Carbon dioxide (CO₂), water (H₂O), and light energy.
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Products of photosynthesis
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Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂).
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Where photosynthesis happens
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In the chloroplasts of plant/algae cells.
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Where respiration happens
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Mainly in the mitochondria of the cell.
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Aerobic vs. anaerobic
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Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and yields lots of ATP; anaerobic (fermentation) doesn't use oxygen and yields little.
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Autotroph vs. heterotroph
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Autotrophs make their own food (plants); heterotrophs get energy by consuming others (animals).
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Relationship between the two processes
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They're complementary: photosynthesis stores energy in glucose and releases O₂; respiration releases that energy and uses O₂.
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Stomata
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Tiny pores on leaves that let CO₂ in and O₂/water vapor out.
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